BMP vs PGM
Ein detaillierter Vergleich von BMP Image und PGM Grayscale Image — Dateigröße, Qualität, Kompatibilität und welches je nach Workflow zu wählen ist.
BMP Image
Raster & Vector ImagesBMP is an uncompressed raster image format native to Windows. Files are large but preserve exact pixel data with no compression artifacts. Rarely used on the web due to file size.
Über BMP-DateienPGM Grayscale Image
Raster & Vector ImagesPGM (Portable Graymap) stores grayscale images in a simple ASCII or binary format.
Über PGM-DateienVorteilsvergleich
BMP Vorteile
- Dead-simple format — trivially easy to read and write.
- Lossless and uncompressed — perfect bit-exact pixel storage.
- Universally supported in Windows applications since 1985.
- Supports 1, 4, 8, 16, 24, and 32-bit color depths.
PGM Vorteile
- Trivially simple to parse and generate.
- Ideal Unix pipeline intermediate for grayscale processing.
- Preserves 16-bit depth for scientific and medical data.
- Universal tooling (Netpbm, ImageMagick, Tesseract).
- ASCII variant is human-readable.
Einschränkungen
BMP Einschränkungen
- Enormous file sizes — no meaningful compression in typical use.
- Not a web format — browsers support it but nobody serves BMPs over HTTP.
- No metadata support (no EXIF, no ICC profile in practice).
- Multiple header versions mean "a BMP" is ambiguous — parsers must handle several variants.
PGM Einschränkungen
- No compression — files balloon for large images.
- No metadata, no color profile.
- Grayscale only — drop to PBM for bitmap or up to PPM for color.
- Not a delivery format — strictly pipeline intermediate.
Technische Spezifikationen
| Spezifikation | BMP | PGM |
|---|---|---|
| MIME type | image/bmp | image/x-portable-graymap |
| Extensions | .bmp, .dib | — |
| Compression | None (typical); RLE 4/8 bit (rare) | — |
| Color depths | 1, 4, 8, 16, 24, 32 bits per pixel | — |
| Byte order | Little-endian | — |
| Extension | — | .pgm |
| Variants | — | P2 (ASCII), P5 (binary) |
| Bit depth | — | 8-bit or 16-bit per pixel |
| Creator | — | Jef Poskanzer (1988), Netpbm toolkit |
Typische Dateigrößen
BMP
- Small icon (32×32) 4 KB
- Screenshot (1920×1080) ~6 MB
- 4K image (3840×2160) ~25 MB
- Scanned A4 at 300 dpi ~25 MB
PGM
- 1920×1080 grayscale 8-bit (binary P5) ~2 MB
- 1920×1080 grayscale 16-bit ~4 MB
- DICOM-equivalent medical slice 500 KB - 20 MB
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Häufig gestellte Fragen
BMP (Bitmap) is a raster image format developed by Microsoft for Windows. It stores images with no compression by default, resulting in large file sizes but pixel-perfect quality. It has been part of Windows since version 1.0.
BMP (Bitmap) is a raster image formato developed by Microsoft para Windows. It stores images com no compressão by default, resulting in large tamanho do arquivos mas pixel-perfect quality. It has been part of Windows since version 1.0.
BMP files open in Windows Paint, Photos, macOS Preview, GIMP, Photoshop, and virtually any image viewer. All Windows applications support BMP natively.
BMP arquivos abrir in Windows Paint, Photos, macOS Preview, GIMP, Photoshop, e virtually any image viewer. All Windows aplicativos support BMP natively.
PNG is better than BMP in almost every scenario since it provides lossless compression (smaller files), transparency support, and wider cross-platform use. BMP is mainly relevant for legacy Windows applications.
PNG is melhor que BMP in almost every scenario since it fornece sem perdas compressão (smaller files), transparência support, e wider cross-platform use. BMP is mainly relevant para legacy Windows aplicativos.